Cannabis Wikipedia. Cannabis is a genus of flowering plant in the family Cannabaceae. The number of species within the genus is disputed. Three species may be recognized Cannabis sativa, Cannabis indica, and Cannabis ruderalis C. C. sativa or all three may be treated as subspecies of a single species, C. The genus is indigenous to central Asia and the Indian subcontinent. 5Cannabis has long been used for hemp fibre, for hemp oils, for medicinal purposes, and as a recreational drug. Industrial hemp products are made from cannabis plants selected to produce an abundance of fiber. To satisfy the UN Narcotics Convention, some cannabis strains have been bred to produce minimal levels of tetrahydrocannabinol THC, the principal psychoactive constituent. Many plants have been selectively bred to produce a maximum of THC cannabinoids, which is obtained by curing the flowers. Various compounds, including hashish and hash oil, are extracted from the plant. 6Globally, in 2. In 2. 01. 4 there were an estimated 1. This percentage has not changed significantly between 1. Description. Cannabis is an annual, dioecious, floweringherb. The leaves are palmately compound or digitate, with serrateleaflets. 9 The first pair of leaves usually have a single leaflet, the number gradually increasing up to a maximum of about thirteen leaflets per leaf usually seven or nine, depending on variety and growing conditions. At the top of a flowering plant, this number again diminishes to a single leaflet per leaf. The lower leaf pairs usually occur in an opposite leaf arrangement and the upper leaf pairs in an alternate arrangement on the main stem of a mature plant. The leaves have a peculiar and diagnostic venation pattern that enables persons poorly familiar with the plant to distinguish a cannabis leaf from unrelated species that have confusingly similar leaves see illustration. As is common in serrated leaves, each serration has a central vein extending to its tip. However, the serration vein originates from lower down the central vein of the leaflet, typically opposite to the position of, not the first notch down, but the next notch. This means that on its way from the midrib of the leaflet to the point of the serration, the vein serving the tip of the serration passes close by the intervening notch. Sometimes the vein will actually pass tangent to the notch, but often it will pass by at a small distance, and when that happens a spur vein occasionally a pair of such spur veins branches off and joins the leaf margin at the deepest point of the notch. This venation pattern varies slightly among varieties, but in general it enables one to tell Cannabis leaves from superficially similar leaves without difficulty and without special equipment. Tiny samples of Cannabis plants also can be identified with precision by microscopic examination of leaf cells and similar features, but that requires special expertise and equipment. 1. The plant is believed to have originated in the mountainous regions northwest of the Himalayas. citation needed It is also known as hemp, although this term is often used to refer only to varieties of Cannabis cultivated for non drug use. Reproduction. Cannabis normally has imperfectflowers, with staminate male and pistillate female flowers occurring on separate plants. 1. It is not unusual, however, for individual plants to bear both male and female flowers. 1. Although monoecious plants are often referred to as hermaphrodites, true hermaphrodites which are less common bear staminate and pistillate structures together on individual flowers, whereas monoecious plants bear male and female flowers at different locations on the same plant. Male flowers are normally borne on loose panicles, and female flowers are borne on racemes. 1. At a very early period the Chinese recognized the Cannabis plant as dioecious,1. BCE Erya dictionary defined xi male Cannabis and fu or ju female Cannabis. 1. All known strains of Cannabis are wind pollinated1. Most strains of Cannabis are short day plants,1. C. sativa subsp. sativa var. C. ruderalis, which is commonly described as auto flowering and may be day neutral. Biochemistry and drugs. Cannabis plants produce a group of chemicals called cannabinoids, which produce mental and physical effects when consumed. Cannabinoids, terpenoids, and other compounds are secreted by glandular trichomes that occur most abundantly on the floral calyxes and bracts of female plants. 1. As a drug it usually comes in the form of dried flower buds marijuana, resin hashish, or various extracts collectively known as hashish oil. 6 In the early 2. Cannabis for sale or personal use. Root system side view. Root system top view. DIY LED Grow Box w Carbon Filter Build Instructions Ive barely finished this Grow Box and already plan to build another. The Grow Box here isnt perfect. Cannabis Health Benefits Indexing and Education Company. Ask any cannabis question, or enter a keyword into the search bar View the entire health benefits index here. Cannabis is an annual, dioecious, flowering herb. The leaves are palmately compound or digitate, with serrate leaflets. The first pair of leaves usually have a single. Micrograph C. sativa left, C. Chromosomes and genome. Cannabis, like many organisms, is diploid, having a chromosome complement of 2n2. The first genome sequence of Cannabis, which is estimated to be 8. Mb in size, was published in 2. Canadian scientists. 2. Taxonomy. The genus Cannabis was formerly placed in the Nettle Urticaceae or Mulberry Moraceae family, and later, along with the Humulus genus hops, in a separate family, the Hemp family Cannabaceae sensu stricto. 2. Recent phylogenetic studies based on cp. DNArestriction site analysis and gene sequencing strongly suggest that the Cannabaceae sensu stricto arose from within the former Celtidaceae family, and that the two families should be merged to form a single monophyletic family, the Cannabaceaesensu lato. 2. Various types of Cannabis have been described, and variously classified as species, subspecies, or varieties 2. Cannabis plants produce a unique family of terpeno phenolic compounds called cannabinoids, some of which produce the high which may be experienced from consuming marijuana. There are 4. 83 identifiable chemical constituents known to exist in the cannabis plant,2. The two cannabinoids usually produced in greatest abundance are cannabidiol CBD andor 9 tetrahydrocannabinol THC, but only THC is psychoactive. 2. Since the early 1. Cannabis plants have been categorized by their chemical phenotype or chemotype, based on the overall amount of THC produced, and on the ratio of THC to CBD. 2. Although overall cannabinoid production is influenced by environmental factors, the THCCBD ratio is genetically determined and remains fixed throughout the life of a plant. 2. Non drug plants produce relatively low levels of THC and high levels of CBD, while drug plants produce high levels of THC and low levels of CBD. When plants of these two chemotypes cross pollinate, the plants in the first filial F1 generation have an intermediate chemotype and produce intermedite amounts of CBD and THC. Female plants of this chemotype may produce enough THC to be utilized for drug production. 2. Top of Cannabis plant in vegetative growth stage. Whether the drug and non drug, cultivated and wild types of Cannabis constitute a single, highly variable species, or the genus is polytypic with more than one species, has been a subject of debate for well over two centuries. This is a contentious issue because there is no universally accepted definition of a species. 3. One widely applied criterion for species recognition is that species are groups of actually or potentially interbreeding natural populations which are reproductively isolated from other such groups. 3. Cannabis Research A ZCannabis Research A Z is a data repository supported in every language.